薛平贵与王宝钏

我国科学家首次证实：昆虫超声波通讯 1.65 亿年前已出现_我的网站

A |      8 月 26 日消息，据新华社今日报道，首都师范大学生命科学学院昆虫演化与环境变迁教育部创新团队联合国内外多个科研团队，通过对内蒙古宁城县道虎沟地区侏罗纪时期化石螽斯的研究，首次证实昆虫超声波通讯在距今 1.65 亿年前的中侏罗世已经出现。相关研究成果于 2026 年 8 月 26 日在线发表于《美国科学院院刊》（PNAS）。    

    Alberto Blanco Silva, Cuban Ambassador to China, gives opening remarks at the commemoration in Beijing on August 13, 2026. Photo: Dong Feng/GTThe Embassy of the Republic of Cuba in China hosted a commemorating session in Beijing on August 13 to mark the centennial of the birth of the historical leader of the Cuban Revolution Fidel Castro Ruz. The event is not only about remembering an individual leader, but revisiting a decades-old relationship. 
Delegates' speeches evaluated Fidel's role in promoting Cuba-China ties, especially when Cuba became the first Latin American and Caribbean country to establish diplomatic relations with China.
Alberto Blanco Silva, Cuban Ambassador to China, said in his opening remarks that the revolutionary leader is a figure whose influence transcends borders, time, generations, and ideologies.
Blanco noted that Fidel's life was devoted to Cuba's independence, social justice, solidarity among people, Latin American and Caribbean integration, and Global South, the socialist cause, and a more just and equitable international order. 
Ambassador Blanco said that from Fidel, "we learned to practice solidarity through deeds, not merely beautiful words; to remain steadfast in the face of adversity and prudent in victory." For decades, Fidel's voice was echoed among developing countries, Blanco said, adding that Fidel promoted transformations that changed the course of Cuba's history. 
Blanco also regarded Fidel as a statesman with a universal vision. Recalling the South Summit held in Havana, Cuba, in 2000, Ambassador Blanco quoted Fidel, saying "Globalization is an objective reality, which reveals our conditions as passengers abroad the same vessel - this planet inhabited by us all."
With this metaphor, Fidel illustrated the urgent need to unite global efforts as an international community to save the planet and humanity, preserve the future of our children, and reduce the gap between the North and the South, Blanco continued. 
The Cuban Ambassador also noted Fidel's personal attention to China-Cuba relations. 
Fidel, on behalf of the historic leadership, took the initiative, during a mass rally on September 2, 1960, to consult the people and announce the sovereign decision to establish diplomatic relations with the Government of the People's Republic of China, making Cuba the first country in the Western Hemisphere to dare take that step, the ambassador said, switching his speech from Spanish to Chinese. 
Blanco added that it was Fidel who, with great frankness and courage, addressed the issue of the exclusion of the People's Republic of China and its admission to the United Nations in his speech before the United Nations on September 26, 1960. 
Fidel also consistently upheld the one-China principle and, through his speeches and reflections, condemned interference in China's internal affairs and attempts to undermine the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the People's Republic of China. At the same time, Fidel helped foster mutual interest between Latin America and the Caribbean and China. 
Moreover, Fidel instructed that the book, The Long March, an account of a great military feat by Red Army in 1930s whose 90th anniversary we are commemorating this year, be published. Fidel knew its history in great detail and regarded it as an inexhaustible source of inspiration, Blanco recalled.
From Blanco's view, Fidel has helped forge a bond that today stands as an example of cooperation between a large country and a small one, based on equality and mutual respect. 
The diplomat said that today, the joint construction of a China-Cuba community with a shared future is an expression of the high-level of strategic trust achieved between "our countries and opens new opportunities to expand cooperation for the benefit of both our peoples." 
"One hundred years after his birth, Fidel Castro remains present in the memory of all those who are grateful to him and all those who defend just causes, both within and beyond Cuba," Blanco concluded.
One of the reasons why Fidel is still relevant today is that while people commemorate him, they are also reaffirming the value of the bilateral friendship, which Fidel forged and helped strengthen. 
    Ma Hui, Vice-minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, gives a speech at the session in Beijing on August 13, 2026. Photo: Dong Feng/GT Ma Hui, Vice-minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, said in his speech that Fidel was a founder of the Communist Party of Cuba and the socialist cause, and made significant contributions to Cuba's national independence and to international fairness and justice.
Ma served as Chinese Ambassador to Cuba from 2021 to 2024. 
Ma said he visited on numerous occasions the Fidel Castro Center, which is located not far from the Chinese Embassy, as well as museums that feature Fidel. 
"The more I learned about Comrade Fidel Castro, the more I was captivated by his noble character, outstanding qualities, and personal charisma," said Ma. 
Fidel visited China twice and warmly received several Chinese leaders on their visits to Cuba, making historic contributions to the development of China-Cuba relations. The Chinese people will never forget him, Ma said. 
In the current complex and evolving international landscape, China firmly supports Cuba in exploring a path of socialist development suited to its national conditions, firmly supports Cuba in safeguarding national sovereignty and security and opposing foreign interference, and stands ready to work together with Cuba and the wider international community to jointly uphold international fairness and justice, Ma stressed.
。研究团队选取了燕辽生物群中 9 种、20 件雄性螽斯前翅标本，与现仅分布在四川的螽斯孑遗类群长生铁鸣螽进行对照研究。团队搭建了“化石翅形态 — 翅共振模拟 — 音节重构 — 鸣声时序预测”的古动物声学重建流程，用以复原远古昆虫完整鸣声的声学特征。论文共同通讯作者、首都师范大学教授任东介绍，9 种化石螽斯的鸣声频率覆盖 5kHz 至 20.5kHz 区间，其中 5 个物种为 5kHz 至 7kHz 的低频纯音，其余 4 个物种分布于 8kHz 至 20.5kHz 的中高频区间。化石物种奇异曲阿博鸣螽的载波频率可达 20.5kHz，证实中侏罗世已存在真正意义上的超声通讯类昆虫。此前学界长期认为，超声通讯类昆虫是为应对蝙蝠捕食而演化形成的。该项研究明确了超声通讯类昆虫的演化起源发生在蝙蝠出现之前，比始新世蝙蝠早出现超过 1 亿年。研究还发现，9 种化石螽斯的鸣叫声频谱范围异常狭窄，即“纯音”（注：指频率成分单一的声波）。这种纯音鸣唱会降低捕食者对声源的定位能力 —— 侏罗纪早期哺乳动物虽具备一定高频听觉，但其中耳结构对纯音的方位分辨能力较弱。因此，侏罗纪螽斯演化出纯音鸣唱，被认为是对抗捕食者窃听的关键演化适应。

B | 任东团队与英国布里斯托大学曾于 2012 年首次复原了道虎沟地区中侏罗世螽斯物种“悦耳古鸣螽”的鸣叫声。此次新成果不仅首次证实昆虫超声波通讯已在侏罗纪时期出现，还完整重建了史前森林螽斯群落的声景。

C | 任东表示，该研究“穿越 1.65 亿年听见侏罗纪时期的虫鸣”，建立起中生代昆虫-哺乳类双向声学选择的新理论，完善了陆地动物听觉与发声协同演化体系。附论文地址：
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2615107123。

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