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《耻辱：顿沃城审判》与《Deus Ex》设计师成立新工作室，将继续专注于沉浸式模拟游戏_我的网站

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A | 功勋卓著的资深游戏开发者 Harvey Smith（耻辱：顿沃城审判 series、original Deus Ex series）近日成立了全新的游戏开发工作室。

Brain-reading AI model reveals how different brain regions are linked to cognitive functions. Photo: Courtesy of Lu Han
Chinese scientists have developed a “brain-reading” AI model that could help predict the risk of depression among adolescents up to four years in advance by analyzing how humans respond to facial expressions, a technology expected to inspire future development of embodied intelligent humanoids capable of perceiving human emotion and thoughts through nuanced facial cues.
WHO data show that around 332 million people worldwide have depression, about one-third of whom have treatment-resistant forms of the condition. In China, an estimated 95 million people suffer from depression, National Business Daily reported, citing statistics from the China Mental Health Survey.
Using data from a population-based longitudinal adolescent cohort recruited across several European countries, the research team led by Lu Han, assistant professor at the School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen University, has built an AI model that predicted which 19-year-olds were more likely to develop depression at the age of 23. The predictions were backed up by an independent clinical cohort of individuals with depression. The team’s paper was published in the journal Science Advances this month.
According to Lu, the study used brain scans taken at age 19 to predict depression-related symptoms at age 23. The study focuses on adolescence because the transition from adolescence to early adulthood is a key developmental period when depressive symptoms can increase rapidly. The earlier risks are identified, the greater the opportunity for prevention, Lu told the Global Times on Monday, adding that the findings need to be further validated in middle-aged and older adults and across different ethnic groups in future research.
In this study, the researchers analyzed data from adolescents in the IMAGEN, a population-based longitudinal cohort recruited across several European countries. At age 19, participants underwent an fMRI emotional-face task, and their emotional symptoms were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Genetic data obtained from blood samples were also analyzed, and participants were followed up at age 23. The researchers examined whether neural representations of angry faces at age 19 were associated with emotional symptoms and could predict elevated emotional symptoms four years later.
According to Lu, people without depression can more easily distinguish emotional changes based on others’ facial expressions and respond accordingly – for example, responding with friendliness to a smiling expression. But people with depression cannot do this, and are more likely to assume people are angry with them.
A brain-aligned deep-learning model developed by Lu’s team suggested that those participants whose brains were less able to distinguish between different facial emotions and tended to perceive others as angry were more likely to develop symptoms of depression and anxiety in adulthood.
The hypothesis that adolescents at risk of depression may respond differently to other people’s facial expressions than those without such risk based on the negative information processing bias long observed in depression research: people at risk of depression are more likely to notice, interpret, or remember negative social information, Lu said.
The researchers focused on angry facial expressions because they signal social threat and rejection, which are closely linked to interpersonal difficulties and negativity bias associated with depression. They hope to further understand how this bias develops within the visual system.
Building on this, they created a deep learning model, which mimics how the brain processes visual information, to predict how the brain encodes abstract emotional concepts such as anger.
They found that 19-year-olds whose response to facial expressions was skewed in favour of negative emotions or memories were the most likely to develop some form of depression.
Based on these findings, Lu’s team then developed a marker that can identify possible warning signs.
According to Lu, the study found that the computational biomarker was linked to the depression-related variant rs11123030 and polygenic risk for depression, suggesting that genetic susceptibility may affect emotional perception. It also provided predictive information beyond family stress and socioeconomic factors, complementing rather than replacing environmental risk factors. Therefore, depression is neither purely genetic nor purely psychological, but a complex mental disorder arising from the interplay of genetic susceptibility, brain development, emotional and cognitive processes, and life experiences.
According to Lu, the study is also expected to advance AI by aligning deep neural networks with human brain activity and using parameter perturbations to probe neural mechanisms, allowing models to both predict and explain how biases may arise.
The findings suggest that future affective computing and embodied AI should go beyond simply labeling facial expressions, incorporating visual details while preventing prior assumptions from overriding real-time sensory input, Lu said, adding that the findings could provide valuable insights for developing more interpretable robotic perception systems that more closely emulate the way humans process emotions.
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B | 该工作室被命名为 Black Pony Immersive，他此前效力于 Arkane Austin 工作室——该工作室在红霞岛失败后于 2024 年被 Xbox 关闭。新工作室将专注于 Smith 曾参与开创并推动发展的“沉浸式模拟”类型。Smith 曾担任耻辱：顿沃城审判的联合创意总监、耻辱：顿沃城审判 2 的创意总监，以及 original Deus Ex 的首席游戏设计师（顺便一提，笔者个人将这款作品列为史上前十的游戏）。“我最喜欢的游戏记忆来自于看到玩家以创意十足的方式应对挑战，并深入探索我们的世界构建，”Smith 表示。“我们努力奖励玩家的好奇心和探索精神。

C | 在我们的新工作室，我们正在打造我们最热衷的那种单人游戏。”Smith 是沉浸式模拟游戏传奇人物 Warren Spector 的弟子，后者刚刚宣布退休。“我与 Warren 紧密合作了九年，学到了很多东西，”Smith 说道。“我们现在偶尔还会一起吃午饭。最近有一次我们吃完墨西哥菜后，他送了我一把他的吉他。我对 Warren 的感情深厚且复杂，但更多的是钦佩和感激。对 Richard Garriott 也是如此。Origin 诞生了太多的美好。随着创意领袖们的推动，像奥斯汀、波士顿或欧洲的一些城市会时不时地迎来创意爆发。形成一种氛围。目前整个行业都深陷困境，奥斯汀也不例外。

D | 我非常激动能宣布 Black Pony Immersive 的成立。再次尝试为玩家创造奇迹。

E | 能拥有现在的团队，包括 Ricardo 以及曾与我们一起开发过 Deus Ex、耻辱：顿沃城审判和 Prey 的伙伴，简直就像做梦一样。我们对单人、叙事驱动、第一人称（叠了许多前缀的）沉浸式模拟游戏充满热情。”“我们对单人、叙事驱动、第一人称的沉浸式模拟游戏充满热情。”当被问及从 Arkane 吸取的教训，以期带领 Black Pony 走向更好的命运时，Smith 表示：“在我看来，这是一个棘手且感性的问题。我热爱在 Arkane 与 Raf、Ricardo、Ben 以及其他所有人共度的时光。我在 Arkane 工作了 16 年。公司的一部分仍然存在于它的发源地里昂。在那些年里，我们在德克萨斯和法国之间往返。公司发布了耻辱：顿沃城审判、Prey、耻辱：顿沃城审判 2、一些精彩的耻辱：顿沃城审判 DLC、羞辱2：界外魔之死、Mooncrash 以及死亡循环。我们也参与了一些其他项目，包括最后的红霞岛。你提到‘更好的命运’，但老实说，想象一下，如果我们的新工作室能像 Arkane 一样持续 27 年以上，发布至少 4 到 5 部绝对的爆款，并且是一个超级有趣、有吸引力的工作场所，拥有我只能用‘狂热粉丝支持’来形容的经历，如果这一切再次发生，我绝对会认为自己是受到了眷顾。如果能再次体验到这些，我会感到极端幸运。

F | 据我所知，很少有地方能获得如此多的快乐和创意成功。这非常罕见，很难实现。”最后，Smith 被问及是否感到有责任继续传承沉浸式模拟游戏的火炬。“永远都有，至死方休，”他说道。“我目前正在玩 Killing Stone，这是 Steam 上一款非常聪明的卡牌构筑游戏。所以我作为玩家的口味很广。

G | 话虽如此，沉浸式模拟游戏仍是我的最爱。我对任何此类新作都感到兴奋。对叛徒抱有很高期望！还有 Marvel's Blade！Raf 在 Wolf-Eye 的新作！Gloomwood 1.0、Secret of Weepstone、Project Shadowglass、Peripeteia、Clockwork Revolution、Distant Shore Bretagne，还有那款主角是东欧巨型警察的游戏，甚至可能还有一部新的生化奇兵 2 游戏。想玩的游戏比我实际拥有的时间还要多。”在 Black Pony Immersive，与 Smith 并肩作战的还有 Arkane Austin 的长期合作伙伴 Ben Horne 和 Ricardo Bare。他们正在组建团队，其成员的集体履历包括上述的 Deus Ex 和耻辱：顿沃城审判系列，以及 Prey 和正当防卫4。他们承诺很快会透露关于首个项目的更多细节。

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