路透社5月17日披露，联合国、世界银行及西方捐助国等日前共同致信越南总理，称受越南“行政瘫痪”影响，该国在过去三年间已经至少损失了25亿美元的外国援助，且在将来可能还会因此损失10亿美元。报道认为，这种“行政瘫痪”与越南正开展的反腐运动有关。
这封信件并未公开，路透社转述信中表示，在越南，“约有10亿美元的发展资金正等待审批，另有25亿美元因资金过期而被退回”。
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Medicine File photo: VCG
China has granted marketing approval of its first drug for the prevention of acute mountain sickness, filling the long-standing gap in the domestic market where no such medications had been available, Science and Technology Daily reported on Tuesday.
The National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) has approved the marketing of acetazolamide sustained-release capsules, the report said. As the first specialized drug in China indicated for preventing of acute mountain sickness, its approval marks the end of the country's lack of dedicated preventive treatment for altitude illness.
By inhibiting the activity of carbonic anhydrase, acetazolamide promotes the renal excretion of bicarbonate, corrects respiratory alkalosis caused by hypoxia at high altitudes, thereby regulating acid-base balance, optimizing respiratory status, elevating blood oxygen levels, and reducing the risk of onset at the source.
In contrast to health products that only provide auxiliary regulatory effects, this medication has been validated through stringent clinical trials and stands as a specialized drug approved by the NMPA with a clear indication for prevention, said the report.
Led by principal investigator is Luobu Gesang, a deputy dean of the People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region, the clinical trial was designed by his team and has yielded critical evidence to inform prevention strategies for altitude sickness that are specifically adapted to Chinese and Asian populations.
"Previously, although acetazolamide had already been used internationally for the prevention of acute mountain sickness, China had long lacked an NMPA-approved acetazolamide formulation supported by rigorous clinical trials. Furthermore, the existing international formulations were short-acting tablets requiring multiple daily doses, and no drugs with the relevant indication were available on the domestic market for an extended period," said Luobu Gesang.
The sustained-release capsule approved this time not only fills this critical gap but also optimizes the dosage form, providing more reliable and convenient medication protection for the physical health and life safety of people entering high-altitude areas, he added.
Clinical trials showed that, compared with the placebo group, the incidence of acute mountain sickness in the medication group was significantly reduced, with the incidence of moderate-to-severe acute mountain sickness decreasing by 14.6 percent, according to the report.
Related research has been published in the international flagship journal of high-altitude medicine, High Altitude Medicine & Biology.
Global Times
。报道说，这意味着越南的潜在损失将近其国内生产总值（GDP）的1%。资金过期可能会拖慢基础设施升级等急需项目的进度，而“旷日持久”的审批过程则可能在未来导致更大的资金损失。
据悉，这封信落款日期是3月6日，由联合国和世界银行驻越南代表写给越南总理范明政，并由来自美国、欧盟和日本等国家和地区的18名驻越大使，以及亚洲开发银行驻越南首席代表联名签署。
路透社称，信中数据突显了外国投资者对越南监管障碍和冗长批准程序的不满。两名外国高级官员直接将此与越南正在开展的“熔炉”（đốt lò）反腐运动联系在一起，报道称，这也与近几个月来其他外交官和官员的评论相呼应。
路透社认为，这场反腐运动已经在越南造成一种“瘫痪状态”：由于相关法规复杂，官员们不愿意批准或推进倡议，以免意外违法违规。越南的公共投资因此陷入停滞，报道引述越南财政部数据说，2021年至2023年，越南公共投资资金到位率仅达年计划的四分之三，有约190亿美元未能花掉。
一名参与讨论的外国官员举例说，上述问题正影响越南的电网设施升级。当前有大量外国资金可用于这项工作，但受财务问题影响，现有规则至少在2027年之前阻止越南国有电网运营商获得这笔资金。
对此，越南正增加煤炭进口，以避免外资在越工厂出现电力短缺，但这又违背了越南应对气候变化的承诺。报道说，越南此前已做出减少煤炭使用量的重大承诺，以换取西方国家的气候资金，但在与七国集团（G7）宣布达成协议一年半后，资金仍未到位。
报道还说，挫败感可能导致捐助方减少未来对越南的援助。例如，世界银行表示将从7月起把河内办事处与柬埔寨和老挝的办事处合并，以提高“管理效率”，此举可能导致工作重点的转移。
针对这篇报道，路透社称，越南总理办公室和投资部没有回应置评请求。联合国在一份声明中承认，资金使用方面存在“挑战”，但联合国和世界银行都表示，将继续与越南政府密切开展项目合作。
5月16日，越共十三届九中全会同意张氏梅辞去越共中央政治局委员、中央书记处常务书记和中组部部长职务。这是继前越南国家主席武文赏、前国会主席王庭惠之后，近两个月来第三位“引咎辞职”的越共中央政治局委员。
《中国新闻周刊》17日报道指出，本届越共中央政治局共有18名成员，王庭惠、武文赏、张氏梅分别排名第四到第六。算上此前辞职的范平明、阮春福、陈俊英，本届越共中央政治局因政治问题辞职的成员已达三分之一。排名前八的成员只剩三人依然在位，包括发起“熔炉”运动的越共中央总书记阮富仲。
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