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China approves first-ever drug for acute mountain sickness prevention_我的网站

一 |     PANAMA CITY -- Protesters blocked streets across Panama on Monday, demanding the government rescind a contract to continue copper mining in a biodiverse region.Teaching and construction unions led calls against the contract with environmentalists, saying continued development threatens forested land and crucial groundwater just 75 miles (120 kilometers) west of the capital, in the state of Colon.Across Panama City, peaceful protesters handed out fliers, but in some areas on the outskirts of the capital police met protesters with tear gas. In anticipation of the largest marches since a cost of living crisis last July, both the Department of Education and the University of Panama cancelled classes. The government used social media to highlight the “enormous contribution” the mine — Panama's largest private investment ever — makes to the country's economy.In March, Panama's legislature reached an agreement with Canadian mining company First Quantum, allowing its local subsidiary, Minera Panama, to continue operating a huge open-pit copper mine in central Panama for at least 20 more years. The mine was temporarily closed last year when talks between the government and First Quantum broke down over payments the government wanted to receive.Protests began after President Laurentino Cortizo signed off on that contract on Friday after it was approved by the congress.The president acted surreptitiously, according to Fernando Abrego, leader of Panama's Association of Teachers union. “The government decided this confrontation by quickly and expeditiously approving a contract they know is rejected by the people,” he said.Teachers were joined by construction workers, who are one of country's most powerful labor groups. “The people are in the streets in defense of sovereignty," said union leader Saúl Méndez, "in the face of a contract that cedes self-determination by devastating the environment to steal resources.”It is unclear how persuasive these arguments will prove against the economic boon of a single mining site that already brings in 3% of the nation’s gross domestic product. Minera Panama says the mine will employ thousands of Panamanians and that its shipments make 80% of the country's total exports.The new contract, initially slowed by labor disagreements, secures Panama at least $375 million a year from Minera Panama, over 10 times more than the previous deal. It represents one of the largest national mining contracts in a region where other countries like Costa Rica regulate the sector more stringently and El Salvador which banned metal mining in 2017. For teachers, however, Abrego said concession was not an option, and that the teachers' union would hold an assembly to plan their next actions. “We will remain in the streets,” he said.。

二 |     

    Medicine File photo: VCG
China has granted marketing approval of its first drug for the prevention of acute mountain sickness, filling the long-standing gap in the domestic market where no such medications had been available, Science and Technology Daily reported on Tuesday.
The National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) has approved the marketing of acetazolamide sustained-release capsules, the report said. As the first specialized drug in China indicated for preventing of acute mountain sickness, its approval marks the end of the country's lack of dedicated preventive treatment for altitude illness. 
By inhibiting the activity of carbonic anhydrase, acetazolamide promotes the renal excretion of bicarbonate, corrects respiratory alkalosis caused by hypoxia at high altitudes, thereby regulating acid-base balance, optimizing respiratory status, elevating blood oxygen levels, and reducing the risk of onset at the source. 
In contrast to health products that only provide auxiliary regulatory effects, this medication has been validated through stringent clinical trials and stands as a specialized drug approved by the NMPA with a clear indication for prevention, said the report.
Led by principal investigator is Luobu Gesang, a deputy dean of the People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region, the clinical trial was designed by his team and has yielded critical evidence to inform prevention strategies for altitude sickness that are specifically adapted to Chinese and Asian populations. 
"Previously, although acetazolamide had already been used internationally for the prevention of acute mountain sickness, China had long lacked an NMPA-approved acetazolamide formulation supported by rigorous clinical trials. Furthermore, the existing international formulations were short-acting tablets requiring multiple daily doses, and no drugs with the relevant indication were available on the domestic market for an extended period," said Luobu Gesang.
The sustained-release capsule approved this time not only fills this critical gap but also optimizes the dosage form, providing more reliable and convenient medication protection for the physical health and life safety of people entering high-altitude areas, he added.
Clinical trials showed that, compared with the placebo group, the incidence of acute mountain sickness in the medication group was significantly reduced, with the incidence of moderate-to-severe acute mountain sickness decreasing by 14.6 percent, according to the report.
Related research has been published in the international flagship journal of high-altitude medicine, High Altitude Medicine & Biology.
Global Times
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